Flood Forecasting Using ANN, Neuro-Fuzzy, and Neuro-GA Models

Flood forecasting at Jamtara gauging site of the Ajay River Basin in Jharkhand, India is carried out using an artificial neural network (ANN) model, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy interference system (ANFIS) model, and an adaptive neuro-GA integrated system (ANGIS) model. Relative performances of these models are also compared. Initially the ANN model is developed and is then integrated with fuzzy logic to develop an ANFIS model. Further, the ANN weights are optimized by genetic algorithm (GA) to develop an ANGIS model. For development of these models, 20 rainfall-runoff events are selected, of which 15 are used for model training and five are used for validation. Various performance measures are used to evaluate and compare the performances of different models. For the same input data set ANGIS model predicts flood events with maximum accuracy. ANFIS and ANN model perform similarly in some cases, but ANFIS model predicts better than the ANN model in most of the cases.