Phase shift, oscillation and collision of the anti-dark solitons for the (3+1)-dimensional coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation in an optical fiber communication system

In the long-distance optical fiber communication system, we consider the (3+1)-dimensional coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation with perturbation functions, which controls the transverse effects, because of the complexity of nonlinear phenomena. Anti-dark two-soliton solutions are derived by the Hirota method. The perturbation function representing the dissipation rate is discussed. Five different transmission structures of solitons are presented. Besides, their propagation and collision dynamics are analyzed. Control methods for phase shift and oscillation are also suggested. We hope results in this paper are of guiding significance to the research of phase shifters, optical logic devices and ultrashort pulse lasers.