Watermarking Method for Speech Signals based on Modifications to LSFs

被引:10
|
作者
Wang, Shengbei [1 ]
Unoki, Masashi [1 ]
机构
[1] Japan Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Informat Sci, Nomi, Ishikawa 9231292, Japan
关键词
speech watermarking; LP analysis; LSFs; QIM; inaudibility; robustness;
D O I
10.1109/IIH-MSP.2013.79
中图分类号
TP18 [人工智能理论];
学科分类号
081104 ; 0812 ; 0835 ; 1405 ;
摘要
We propose a method of speech watermarking based on modifications to line spectral frequencies (LSFs) of original speech. LSFs were derived from each frame with linear prediction (LP) analysis and watermarks were embedded into them by using the quantization index modulation (QIM) of different quantization steps. We took into consideration inaudibility and robustness that were influenced by minor modifications to LSFs. The proposed approach was evaluated with two kinds of experiments with respect to inaudibility and robustness against different speech codecs and general processing. The results from the evaluations revealed that the proposed approach not only had high rate of bit detection while keeping the original sound quality undistorted but also good robustness against general speech processing.
引用
收藏
页码:283 / 286
页数:4
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