THE ART DECO INFLUENCE IN THE MODERN TURKISH ARCHITECTURE OF THE EARLY REPUBLICAN PERIOD

With the proclamation of the Republic, Ataturk, the founder of Modern Turkey, wanted a new model of politics that would bring about the establishment of the "nation state", also symbolized by architecture. Having decided to make a transition to modern architecture in Turkey, Ataturk invited academics from Germany and Vienna to achieve this. Consequently, by the 1930s, architecture followed a functionalist-rationalist path in both public buildings and in residences. Another architectural style that wielded a lot of influence on the trends in the Modern Movement in this period was Art Deco. The plastic effect of mass in Art Deco was accompanied by purism. The purpose of this article is to explore the characteristics of the Art Deco style in modern Turkish architecture, tracing it back to the 1930s, the time when a culture of architecture first began to form in Turkey, as Art Deco, in combination with rationalism, proved to be an influential force in Republican Turkey. The effect of this style on the composition of structural masses shall be described through examples of public and residential buildings. At the same time, an attempt shall be made to explore the connotations of contemporaneity, progress, technology, and industry as expressed in the vocabulary of the Republican ideology that embraced the mass aesthetic of the formal style that was Art Deco.