Optimal Allocation of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles in the Distribution System

Irrational planning and improper allocation of charging stations for electric vehicles is likely to result in severely negative effects on the stable and operation of the distribution system. This study aims to investigate the optimal planning of charging stations based on an adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm. An optimization model for optimal planning problem is established for minimizing the voltage stability index of the system, which takes into account of the charging demand and convenience of electric vehicles as well as the investment economy of charging stations, the economic operation of the distribution system and its power quality. In order to handle the non-linear optimization problem with multiple constraints, an APSO with good convergence accuracy and speed is proposed and successfully applied the problem. The simulation results based on the IEEE 33-bus system validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the problem method for optimally planning charging stations.