Association between sarcopenia and depressive mood in urban-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study

Aim The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between depressive mood and diagnostic components of sarcopenia. Methods The study used baseline data of participants in the Toyota Prevention Intervention for Cognitive Decline and Sarcopenia study. Participants in this cross-sectional study were 432 older adults (46.5% women, mean age 72.5 +/- 4.7 years). We defined sarcopenia using the diagnostic algorithm recommended by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, and all participants were classified into a sarcopenia or healthy control group. The skeletal muscle mass was measured by bioelectrical impedance. Depressive mood was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (range 0-15). Results Among the 432 participants, 9.5% were classified as having sarcopenia. The mean +/- SD Geriatric Depression Scale-15 scores in the control and sarcopenia groups were significantly different at 3.9 +/- 2.8 and 5.3 +/- 3.3, respectively (P = 0.003). Furthermore, depressive mood was significantly more prevalent in the sarcopenia group (P = 0.011). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the Geriatric Depression Scale score was associated with grip strength (beta = -0.23, P = 0.004) and walking speed (beta = -0.15, P = 0.006), but not skeletal muscle mass index (beta = -0.16, P = 0.142), after controlling for demographic factors, chronic diseases, inflammatory markers and physical activity. Conclusions Sarcopenia was associated with depressive mood. In terms of the diagnostic components of sarcopenia, depressive mood was not associated with decreased muscle mass, but was associated with low muscle strength and low physical performance. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 508-512.