The Development of Entrustable Professional Activities for Competency-Based Veterinary Education in Farm Animal Health

Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are professional tasks that can be entrusted to a student under a given level of supervision once he or she has demonstrated competence in these tasks. The EPA construct was conceived to increase transparency in objectives for clinical workplace learning and to help ensure patient safety and the quality of care. A first step in implementing EPAs in a veterinary curriculum is to identify the core EPAs of the profession. The aim of this study was to develop EPAs for farm animal health. An initial set of 36 EPAs for farm animal health was prepared by a team of six veterinarians and curriculum developers and used in a modified Delphi study. In this iterative process, the EPAs were evaluated until higher than 80% agreement was reached. Of 83 veterinarians who participated, 39 (47%) completed the Delphi procedure. After two rounds, the panel reached consensus. A small expert group further refined and reorganized the EPAs for educational purposes into seven core EPAs for farm animal health and 29 sub-EPAs. This study is an important step in optimizing competency-based training in veterinary medicine. Future steps are to implement EPAs in the curriculum and train supervisors to assess students' ability to perform EPAs with increasing levels of independence.