1D Gamma Counting Approach to Study Radiopharmaceutical Kinetics

Some current researches based on small animal model are dedicated to functional cerebral imaging which represents a fundamental tool to understand the mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative diseases. In the radiopharmaceutical development approach, the main challenge is to measure the radioactivity distribution in the brain of a subject with good temporal and spatial resolutions in order to investigate the behaviors of new radiopharmaceuticals inside the injected subject. In the case where the isotope is a single photon emitter, we present a 1 D gamma counter to investigate the possibility to obtain both high detection efficiency and good spatial resolution to access the kinetic of radiopharmaceutical in the brain of a mouse. The system consists in a 64 channels Multi-Anode PhotoMultiplier Tube (H8804, Hamamatsu Corp.) coupled to a highly segmented YAP:Ce crystal consisting of 32 strips of 0.575 x 18.4 x 10 mm(3). The collimation is made of 33 tungsten slats of 100 mu m thick with a 40 mm height optimized using GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulations. For a field of view of 18.4 x 18.4 mm(2), the intrinsic spatial resolution is equal to 575 mu m with a total detection efficiency of 0.29% for an extended source. The geometry of this new gamma counter gives one kinetic curve per strip to finally get the radiopharmaceutical kinetic in the whole brain of the mouse. To obtain a 2D projection of the brain radioactivity distribution, a spin rotation procedure can be applied. The gamma counter can also be combined to a microCT system to obtain anatomical information.