Three novel species and a new record ofDaldinia(Hypoxylaceae) from Thailand

In an investigation of stromatic Xylariales in Thailand, several specimens ofDaldiniawere discovered. Three novel species (D. flavogranulata,D. phadaengensis, andD. chiangdaoensis) were recognized from a molecular phylogeny based on concatenated ITS, LSU,RPB2, andTUB2sequence data, combined with morphological characters and secondary metabolite profiles based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The major components detected were cytochalasins (inD. flavogranulataandD. chiangdaoensis) and daldinin type azaphilones (inD.phadaengensis). In addition,D. brachysperma, which had hitherto only been reported from America, was found for the first time in Asia. Its phylogenetic affinities were studied, confirming previous suspicions from morphological comparisons that the species is closely related toD. eschscholtziiandD. bambusicola, both common in Thailand.Daldinia flavogranulata,one of the new taxa,was found to be closely related to the same taxa. The other two novel species,D. phadaengensisandD. chiangdaoensis, share characters withD. korfiiandD. kretzschmarioides, respectively.