Characterizing T-Cell Phenotypes in Nasal Polyposis in Chinese Patients

Background: Nasal polyposis has different etiologies in Western and Eastern countries. Furthermore, its pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Objective: To determine the T-cell phenotypes involved in nasal polyposis in Chinese patients. Methods: Twenty-four Chinese patients with nasal polyps were studied. CD4, CD8, Foxp3, and interleukin (IL) 17 were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. Expression of T-bet, GATA-3, Foxp3, and ROR gamma t mRNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The levels of T-cell cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, interferon [IFN] gamma, IL-10, IL-17, and transforming growth factor [TGF] beta) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels were measured using the UNICAP system. Results: Increased expression of CD4(+) and CD8(+) and decreased expression of Foxp3 and IL-17 were detected in nasal polyps compared with control tissue. Furthermore, expression of T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA was upregulated, whereas Foxp3 mRNA expression was markedly downregulated. Furthermore, increased levels of IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-5 and decreased levels of IL-10 and TGF-beta were found in nasal polyps. There was no association between Staphylococcus aureus exotoxin (SAE)-specific IgE and T regulatory cell (Treg) insufficiency in nasal polyps. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that excessive infiltration of CD4(+) and CD8(+)T cells in nasal polyps may be associated with expression of Foxp3(+) by Tregs but not with SAEs in Chinese patients.