Towards an Understanding of STEM Engagement: a Review of the Literature on Motivation and Academic Emotions

被引:29
|
作者
Murphy, Steve [1 ]
MacDonald, Amy [2 ]
Wang, Cen Audrey [3 ]
Danaia, Lena [4 ]
机构
[1] Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Educ, Boorooma St, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
[2] Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Educ, Elizabeth Mitchell Dr, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
[3] Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Teacher Educ, Panorama Ave, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia
[4] Charles Sturt Univ, Fac Arts & Educ, Panorama Ave, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia
关键词
STEM education; Engagement; Motivation; Academic emotions; Gender; TEACHER-CHILD RELATIONSHIPS; STUDENTS GOAL ORIENTATIONS; SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY; ACHIEVEMENT GOALS; SCHOOL-STUDENTS; ADOLESCENTS PERCEPTIONS; LEARNING-STRATEGIES; COMPETENCE BELIEFS; IMPLICIT THEORIES; PERCEIVED PARENT;
D O I
10.1007/s42330-019-00054-w
中图分类号
G40 [教育学];
学科分类号
040101 ; 120403 ;
摘要
There are international calls to enhance learner engagement in STEM. Further, there are international concerns about the gender disparity in interest, aspiration, and participation in STEM. These calls recognise the role that learners' motivation in, and emotional response to, STEM plays in their participation and achievement in STEM education. However, there is a lack of understanding as to what constitutes engagement in STEM education. In this article, we adopt an educational psychology-based definition of engagement that is influenced by motivational and emotional constructs. We review a purposive sample of student motivation and academic emotion literature to reveal pertinent insights about student STEM engagement. The review pays particular attention to findings associated with gender and offers a summary of the limited research around educational interventions informed by motivational models. This review reveals that self-concept, self-efficacy, and task value are important for STEM engagement, performance, subject selection, and career aspirations. Mastery goals are linked to high effort and persistence in STEM, while autonomy, relatedness, and growth mindsets improve STEM participation and achievement. Further, girls have lower self-concept in STEM, are less likely to hold interest and utility value, and are more likely to attribute failure to a lack of ability. Finally, negative emotional responses to STEM can form early and persist throughout schooling. These affective aspects need to be understood and explicitly addressed as part of any successful strategy to improve engagement in STEM education, and to address the significant gender equity issues associated with STEM. ResumeIl y a des appels internationaux visant a accroitre le niveau d'engagement dans les STEM. De plus, on note une preoccupation au niveau international quant a la disparite entre les sexes lorsqu'il est question d'interet, d'aspirations et de participation a l'egard des STEM. Ces appels reconnaissent le role que jouent la motivation des etudiants et leurs reactions emotives dans la participation et la performance en enseignement /apprentissage des STEM. Cependant, un manque de comprehension persiste en ce qui concerne la definition exacte de ce qu'est l'engagement dans les STEM. Dans cet article, nous adoptons une definition de cet engagement fondee sur la psychologie educative, influencee par des construits motivationnels et emotionnels. Nous analysons un echantillonnage raisonne de documents sur la motivation etudiante et sur le comportement affectif afin de reveler des informations pertinentes au sujet de l'engagement des etudiants dans les STEM. L'analyse se penche en particulier sur les resultats lies a la difference de sexe, et presente un resume des quelques travaux portant sur les interventions pedagogiques qui tiennent compte de modeles motivationnels. L'analyse revele que l'image de soi, l'efficacite personnelle et la valeur de la tache sont importantes pour ce qui a trait a l'engagement, a la performance, au choix du sujet et aux aspirations professionnelles dans les domaines STEM. Les buts de maitrise sont lies a l'effort soutenu et a la perseverance dans ces domaines, tandis qu'une mentalite axee sur l'autonomie, la relation et le perfectionnement ameliorent la participation et les resultats. De plus, les filles ont une image de soi moins positive en STEM, ont une probabilite moins elevee de valoriser les STEM ou de soutenir leur interet pour ces domaines, et sont plus facilement pretes a attribuer leurs echecs a un manque d'habilete. Enfin, des reponses emotives negatives a l'egard des STEM peuvent se developper tres tot et persister pendant toute la formation scolaire. Il est necessaire de comprendre et d'affronter explicitement ces aspects affectifs si on veut promouvoir une strategie efficace pour ameliorer l'engagement envers l'enseignement/apprentissage des STEM, et enrayer les problemes significatifs de disparite entre les sexes associes aux STEM.
引用
收藏
页码:304 / 320
页数:17
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