Accumulation of cyclohexenone derivatives in barley, wheat and maize roots in response to inoculation with different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Colonization of barley, wheat and maize roots by different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, i.e. Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae, and Gigaspora rosea leads to the accumulation of cyclohexenone derivatives. Mycorrhizal roots of all plants accumulate in response to all three fungi blumenin [9-O-(2'-O-glucuronosyl)-beta-glucopyranoside of 6-(3-hydroxybutyl)-1,1,5-trimethyl-4-cyclohexen-3-one], 13-carboxyblumenol C 9-O-gentiobioside, nicoblumin [9-O-(6'-O-beta-glucopyranosyl)-beta-glucopyranoside of 13-hydroxy-6-(3-hydroxybutyl)-1,1,5-trimethyl-4-cyclohexen-3-one] and another, as yet unidentified, cyclohexenone derivative. The accumulation of all four compounds in three tested mycorrhizal plants colonized by the three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi indicates no fungus-specific induction of these compounds.