[1] China Med Univ, Hosp 1, Dept Cardiol, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China
[2] China Med Univ, Shengjing Hosp, Dept Clin Epidemiol, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China
[3] Inst Chron Dis, Liaoning Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China
[4] Soochow Univ, Coll Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
[5] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA