Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in a Child With Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a rare and serious complication of nephrotic syndrome. A case of a five-year-old boy with nephrotic syndrome is described here. On the fourth day of admission, the child developed an occasional cough. A percutaneous renal biopsy was conducted to characterize the frequent-relapse nephrotic syndrome that was developed. After suspension of oral anticoagulants, the patient developed mild dizziness, headache, and vomiting. The child was diagnosed with intracranial venous sinus thrombosis based on data obtained using head computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. He recovered after receiving heparin and warfarin anticoagulants. We summarized the case and reviewed the literature here, showing that early diagnosis and treatment have a significant impact on the prognosis of this complication.