Is Europe really the dream? Contingent paths among sub-Saharan migrants in Morocco

被引:8
|
作者
Thorsen, Dorte [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Sussex, Migrating Out Poverty Res Programme Consortium, Gender & Qualitat Res, Brighton, E Sussex, England
[2] Aix Marseille Univ, LPED, IRD, Marseille, France
来源
AFRICA | 2017年 / 87卷 / 02期
关键词
TRANSNATIONAL MIGRATION; FRAGMENTED JOURNEY; TRANSIT; TOPOGRAPHIES; DISPLACEMENT; BORDERS;
D O I
10.1017/S0001972016000991
中图分类号
Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
030303 ;
摘要
This article explores migrant existences in the border zones around Europe. Drawing on ethnographic research in Morocco undertaken in 2012, 2013 and 2015 and in continued engagements with migrants using social media, the article analyses three extended migrant stories, detailing their experiences of uncertainty, waiting and hoping. By elucidating the objectives informing migrants' pathways and the material and moral considerations underpinning the ways in which they navigate migrant life in Rabat, the stories unveil how different temporalities and spatialities intersect and influence their decisions and ability to endure hardship and waiting. The article argues that uncertainties and risks inherent in migration, and in irregular migration in particular, have transformed collective expectations of the migratory project as a means of upward social mobility and economic security into hope and into a mode of hoping that individualizes success and failure. Meanwhile, the rising costs of migration and structural marginalization render the opportunity to travel elsewhere contingent on assistance from transnational social networks or international institutions. Individuals' success or failure thus comes to depend on how understandings of hardship, waiting, opportunity and moral obligation are configured and reconfigured by lived experiences in different places. Resume Cet article explore des vies de migrants dans les zones frontalieres de l'Europe. S'appuyant sur des recherches ethnographiques menees au Maroc en 2012, 2013 et 2015, et a travers le maintien de contacts avec des migrants par le biais de medias sociaux, l'article analyse trois recits developpes de migrants detaillant leurs experiences d'incertitude, d'attente et d'espoir. En elucidant les objectifs qui informent le parcours des migrants et les considerations materielles et morales qui sous-tendent leur mode de vie de migrant a Rabat, ces recits devoilent comment differentes temporalites et spatialites se croisent et influencent leurs decisions et leur capacite a endurer la difficulte du quotidien et l'attente. L'article soutient que les incertitudes et les risques inherents a la migration en general, et la migration irreguliere en particulier, ont transforme des attentes collectives du projet migratoire, en tant que moyen d'ascension sociale et de securite economique, en espoir et en mode d'esperance qui individualise la reussite et l'echec. Dans le meme temps, le cout croissant de la migration et la marginalisation structurelle subordonnent la possibilite de se rendre ailleurs au soutien de reseaux sociaux transnationaux ou d'institutions internationales. La reussite ou l'echec individuel en vient donc a dependre de la maniere dont les interpretations de la difficulte du quotidien, de l'attente, de l'opportunite et de l'obligation morale sont configurees et reconfigurees par des experiences de vie dans des lieux differents.
引用
收藏
页码:343 / 361
页数:19
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