Metabolic acidosis and calcium nephrolithiasis

Metabolic acidosis profondly affects calcium metabolism: its effects include hypercalciuria, stimulation of bone resorption acid negative Ca balance. However, Ca stones as a complication of chronic metabolic acidosis are almost only seen in renal tubular acidosis, possibly because there are no other clinical conditions in which acidosis is similarly long-lasting. Notwithstanding, the effects of high animal protein diet as a risk factor for Ca stone disease may include the induction of a mild-degree metabolic acidosis; additionally, recent observations might also suggest that idiopathic Ca nephrolithiasis as a whole may be a state of chronic intracellular metabolic acidosis.