An electronically tunable voltage-mode universal filter using two current conveyors

A new electronically tunable voltage-mode (VM) three-input single-output universal filter using only two current conveyors are presented. The proposed filter which possesses three-inputs and single-output can generate all biquadratic filtering functions at the output terminate by selecting different input signal combinations of inputs. The structure of the new filter proposed uses one resistor, two grounded capacitors and two second generation current controlled conveyors (CCCIIs). It has an orthogonal control of the center frequency and the quality factor, i.e. they can be adjusted independently. The validity of the proposed filter is verified through Pspice simulations.