Male, and female image, pupa, larvae and karyotype of the new species Chironomus obensis sp. n. are described. Male image is distinctly identifiable by the finger-like hill on the gonocoxite, female one is identified by the sclerite form of X tergite and laterosternite, pupa - by the form of aspine in the back corner of VIII tergite, larva - by the menthum structure, 2n = 8, Combination of chromosome arms AB, CD, EF, G (cytocomplex thummi). Centromere area are not morphologically expressed. Nucleolar organizer and one Balbiany ring are located in the arm G. Microinversion is found in the arm A in the 85% of the larvae.