Subthalamic Nucleus: Neuroanatomical Review

被引：0

作者：

Magalhaes, Marcelo Jose Silva de ^{[1
]}

Reis, Claudiojanes dos ^{[2
]}

Sousa, Juliana Rabelo da Silva ^{[3
]}

Marques, Victoria Souza ^{[3
]}

Goncalves, Tayna Cardoso ^{[3
]}

Ribeiro, Iara Cristina Vieira ^{[3
]}

Cardoso, Leide Daiana Silveira ^{[3
]}

Guimaraes, Victor Caribe Crosland ^{[3
]}

Marques, Frederico Gustavo de Souza ^{[3
]}

Pereira, Sarah Dias ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Hosp Vila Serra, Dept Neurosurg, Nova Lima, MG, Brazil

[2] Fac Unidas Norte Minas FUNORTE, Discipline Anat, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil

[3] Fac Unidas Norte Minas FUNORTE, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil

来源：

BRAZILIAN NEUROSURGERY-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE NEUROCIRURGIA | 2020年 / 39卷 / 04期

关键词：

subthalamic nucleus; efferent pathways; chorea; Parkinson disease; BASAL GANGLIA; HEMIBALLISMUS; LUYS; JULES; BERNARD; TERMINALS; NEURONS; LESIONS; CAT;

D O I：

10.1055/s-0037-1615268

中图分类号：

R61 [外科手术学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

Discovered in 1865 by Jules Bernard Luys, the subthalamic nucleus is a set of small nuclei located in the diencephalon, inferior to the thalamus and superior to the substantia nigra, that can be visualized in a posterior coronal section. Histologically, it consists of neurons compactly distributed and filled with a large number of blood vessels and sparse myelinated fibers. This review presents an analysis of this anatomical region, considering what is most recent in the literature. Subthalamic neurons are excitatory and use glutamate as the neurotransmitter. In healthy individuals, these neurons are inhibited by nerve cells located in the side globus pallidus. However, if the fibers that make up the afferent circuit are damaged, the neurons become highly excitable, thus causing motor disturbances that can be classified as hyperkinetic, for example ballism and chorea, or hypokinetic, for example Parkinson disease (PD). The advent of deep brain stimulation has given the subthalamic nucleus great visibility. Studies reveal that the stimulation of this nucleus improves themotor symptoms of PD.

引用

页码：284 / 288

页数：5

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