Cooling, exhumation, and deformation in the Hindu Kush, NW Pakistan: New constraints from preliminary 40Ar/39Ar and fission track analyses

被引:7
|
作者
Faisal, Shah [1 ,4 ]
Larson, Kyle P. [1 ]
Camacho, Alfredo [2 ]
Coutand, Isabelle [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ British Columbia Okanagan, Earth Environm & Geog Sci, IKBAS, Kelowna, BC, Canada
[2] Univ Manitoba, Dept Geol Sci, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
[3] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada
[4] Univ Peshawar, Natl Ctr Excellence Geol, Peshawar, Kpk, Pakistan
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
Himalaya; Northern Pakistan; Chitral; 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology; Apatite fission track thermochronology; INDIA-ASIA COLLISION; NORTHWEST INDIA; NANGA-PARBAT; KARAKORAM; AGE; EVOLUTION; HIMALAYA; METAMORPHISM; INTERCALIBRATION; GEOCHRONOLOGY;
D O I
10.1016/j.jseaes.2018.03.012
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
07 ;
摘要
Asian crust in the Hindu Kush region in northern Pakistan records a protracted history of rifting, subduction and collision not commonly preserved within the Himalaya. Because of this, it is key to understanding the development of the southern Eurasian margin both prior to and after collision with India. New mica 40Ar/39Ar and apatite fission track geochronologic data from this region provide constraints on the kinematics of the Hindu Kush. 40Ar/39Ar muscovite and biotite ages from the late Cambrian Kafiristan pluton are 379.7 +/- 1.7 Ma and 47.2 +/- 0.3 Ma, respectively. The muscovite age may record cooling or partial resetting, while the biotite age is interpreted to record a thermal disruption associated with the early stages of continental collision in the Himalayan system. A 111.0 +/- 0.6 Ma muscovite age from the northern part of the Tirich Mir pluton (similar to 123 Ma old; U-Pb) is interpreted to indicate a recrystallization event similar to 12 Myrs after its intrusion. In addition, a younger muscovite age of 47.5 +/- 0.2 Ma was derived from the opposite side of the same pluton in the immediate hanging wall of the Tirich Mir fault. This Eocene age is interpreted to represent the time of recrystallization during fault (re)activation in the early stages of India-Asia continent-continent collision. 40Ar/39Ar biotite analysis from the Buni-Zom pluton yields an age of 61.6 +/- 1.1 Ma and is interpreted to reflect cooling at mid upper crustal levels subsequent to the pluton's emplacement in the middle Cretaceous. Finally, 17.1-21.3 Ma 40Ar/39Ar ages from the Garam Chasma pluton and surrounding metapelites indicate cooling immediately following crystallization of the leucogranite body in the earliest Miocene/latest Oligocene. The younger cooling history is resolved by fission track dating of apatite (AFT). In the vicinity of the bounding Tirich Mir fault, the Tirich Mir pluton yields an AFT age of 1.4 +/- 0.3 Ma, which is consistent with active exhumation associated with the surface uplift of the 7700 + m Tirich Mir peak. The Garam Chasms pluton has a young age of 3.5 +/- 0.2 Ma, which also records rapid rock uplift and exhumation in the area. Finally, an AFT age of 9.1 +/- 2.1 Ma was extracted from a metapelite in the footwall of an east verging thrust fault separating it from the Garam Chasms pluton to the west. The difference in ages, Pliocene vs. late Miocene, reflect differential cooling/exhumation paths across that structure. Asian crust in the Hindu Kush region in northern Pakistan records a protracted history of rifting, subduction and collision not commonly preserved within the Himalaya. Because of this, it is key to understanding the development of the southern Eurasian margin both prior to and after collision with India. New mica 40Ar/39Ar and apatite fission track geochronologic data from this region provide constraints on the kinematics of the Hindu Kush. 40Ar/39Ar muscovite and biotite ages from the late Cambrian Kafiristan pluton are 379.7 +/- 1.7 Ma and 47.2 +/- 0.3 Ma, respectively. The muscovite age may record cooling or partial resetting, while the biotite age is interpreted to record a thermal disruption associated with the early stages of continental collision in the Himalayan system. A 111.0 +/- 0.6 Ma muscovite age from the northern part of the Tirich Mir pluton (similar to 123 Ma old; U-Pb) is interpreted to indicate a recrystallization event similar to 12 Myrs after its intrusion. In addition, a younger muscovite age of 47.5 +/- 0.2 Ma was derived from the opposite side of the same pluton in the immediate hanging wall of the Tirich Mir fault. This Eocene age is interpreted to represent the time of recrystallization during fault (re)activation in the early stages of India-Asia continent-continent collision. 40Ar/39Ar biotite analysis from the Buni-Zom pluton yields an age of 61.6 +/- 1.1 Ma and is interpreted to reflect cooling at mid upper crustal levels subsequent to the pluton's emplacement in the middle Cretaceous. Finally, 17.1-21.3 Ma 40Ar/39Ar ages from the Garam Chasma pluton and surrounding metapelites indicate cooling immediately following crystallization of the leucogranite body in the earliest Miocene/latest Oligocene. The younger cooling history is resolved by fission track dating of apatite (AFT). In the vicinity of the bounding Tirich Mir fault, the Tirich Mir pluton yields an AFT age of 1.4 +/- 0.3 Ma, which is consistent with active exhumation associated with the surface uplift of the 7700 + m Tirich Mir peak. The Garam Chasms pluton has a young age of 3.5 +/- 0.2 Ma, which also records rapid rock uplift and exhumation in the area. Finally, an AFT age of 9.1 +/- 2.1 Ma was extracted from a metapelite in the footwall of an east verging thrust fault separating it from the Garam Chasms pluton to the west. The difference in ages, Pliocene vs. late Miocene, reflect differential cooling/exhumation paths across that structure.
引用
收藏
页码:415 / 427
页数:13
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [41] Dating deformation using sheared leucogranite: temporal constraints by 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology for the Mae Ping shear zone, NW Thailand
    Yu-Ling Lin
    Tung-Yi Lee
    Ching-Hua Lo
    Sarah C. Sherlock
    Yoshiyuki Iizuka
    Tadashi Usuki
    Long Xiang Quek
    Punya Charusiri
    Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2021, 176
  • [42] Thermochronology of the Yidun Arc, central eastern Tibetan Plateau:: constraints from 40Ar/39Ar K-feldspar and apatite fission track data
    Reid, AJ
    Fowler, AP
    Phillips, D
    Wilson, CJL
    JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES, 2005, 25 (06) : 915 - 935
  • [43] Deformation age of Jurassic granites in the Dandong area, eastern China: 40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints
    Yang, JH
    Wu, FY
    Lo, CH
    Chung, SL
    Zhang, YB
    Wilde, SA
    ACTA PETROLOGICA SINICA, 2004, 20 (05) : 1205 - 1214
  • [44] Late Paleozoic deformation and exhumation in the Sierras Pampeanas (Argentina): 40Ar/39Ar-feldspar dating constraints
    Stefan Löbens
    Sebastián Oriolo
    Jeff Benowitz
    Klaus Wemmer
    Paul Layer
    Siegfried Siegesmund
    International Journal of Earth Sciences, 2017, 106 : 1991 - 2003
  • [45] Late Paleozoic deformation and exhumation in the Sierras Pampeanas (Argentina): 40Ar/39Ar-feldspar dating constraints
    Loebens, Stefan
    Oriolo, Sebastian
    Benowitz, Jeff
    Wemmer, Klaus
    Layer, Paul
    Siegesmund, Siegfried
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES, 2017, 106 (06) : 1991 - 2003
  • [46] New 40Ar/39Ar age constraints on the timing of magmatic events in the Panagyurishte region, Bulgaria
    Rieser, Andrea B.
    Neubauer, Franz
    Handler, Robert
    Velichkova, Svetlana H.
    Ivanov, Zivko
    SWISS JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES, 2008, 101 (01) : 107 - 123
  • [47] New 40Ar/39Ar age constraints on the timing of magmatic events in the Panagyurishte region, Bulgaria
    Andrea B. Rieser
    Franz Neubauer
    Robert Handler
    Svetlana H. Velichkova
    Zivko Ivanov
    Swiss Journal of Geosciences, 2008, 101 : 107 - 123
  • [48] Sm-Nd, 40Ar/39Ar and fission track ages of granulites from lower crust: Implications for exhumation history of the Panxi Micro Oldmass in SW China
    Xu, SJ
    Wang, RC
    Fang, Z
    Liu, WZ
    Li, DM
    Wan, JL
    GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 2003, 67 (18) : A541 - A541
  • [49] An eruptive history of Maderas volcano using new 40Ar/39Ar ages and geochemical analyses
    Kapelanczyk, Lara
    Rose, William I.
    Jicha, Brian
    BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY, 2012, 74 (09) : 2007 - 2021
  • [50] An eruptive history of Maderas volcano using new 40Ar/39Ar ages and geochemical analyses
    Lara Kapelanczyk
    William I. Rose
    Brian Jicha
    Bulletin of Volcanology, 2012, 74 : 2007 - 2021