Assessing the sensitivity of PINGU to effective dark matter-nucleon interactions

We calculate the sensitivity of next generation neutrino telescopes to the 28 (isoscalar and isovector) coupling constants defining the non-relativistic effective theory of (spin 1/2) dark matter (DM)-nucleon interactions. We take as a benchmark detector the proposed Precision IceCube Next Generation Upgrade (PINGU), although our results are valid for any other neutrino telescope of similar effective volume. We express PINGU's sensitivity in terms of 5 sigma sensitivity contours in the DM mass-coupling constant plane, and compare our sensitivity contours with the 90% C.L. exclusion limits on the same coupling constants that we obtain from a reanalysis of the null result of current DM searches at IceCube/DeepCore. We find that PINGU can effectively probe not only the canonical spin-independent and spin-dependent DM-nucleon interactions, but also some of the velocity-dependent or momentum-dependent interactions that generate DM-nucleus scattering cross sections scaling like the number of nucleons squared. We also find that PINGU's 5 sigma sensitivity contours are significantly below current IceCube/DeepCore 90% C.L. exclusion limits when b (b) over bar is the leading DM annihilation channel. This result shows the importance of lowering the experimental energy threshold when probing models that generate soft neutrino energy spectra, and holds true independently of the assumed DM-nucleon interaction and for all DM masses tested here. When DM primarily annihilates into tau(tau) over bar, a PINGU-like detector will improve upon current exclusion limits for DM masses below 30 GeV, independently of the assumed DM-nucleon interaction.