Composition, Antifungal and Antifumonisin Activity of Pinus wallichiana, Pinus monticola and Pinus strobus Essential Oils from Patagonia Argentina

The essential oils composition of Pinus wallichiana, P. monticola and P. strobus was determined by GC-FID and GC-MS analysis. P. wallichiana was the species with the highest essential oils production with an average yield of 0.97 %, followed by P. monticola and P. strobus with 0.58 and 0.50 % (v/dry wt). The main compounds with concentration higher than 5.0 % were the monoterpene hydrocarbons: alpha-pinene (14.8 - 21 %), beta-pinene (22.8 - 34 %), limonene (4.6 - 17.8 %) and myrcene (1.6 - 12.3 %). The essential oils from P. wallichiana and P. monticola in comparison to P. strobus have been characterized by a higher content of limonene (17.8, 14.0 and 4.6 %, respectively). On the other hand, the essential oil of P. strobus showed high levels of myrcene and oxygenated and hydrocarbons sesquiterpenes. All of the evaluated essential oils showed some inhibitory effects on the growth of F. verticillioides. However, none of the evaluated EOs significantly altered the FB1 production under the experimental conditions.