Methods of assessment of zinc status in humans: a systematic review

被引:308
|
作者
Lowe, Nicola M. [1 ]
Fekete, Katalin [2 ]
Decsi, Tamas [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cent Lancashire, Sch Psychol, Ctr Appl Sport & Excerise Sci, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England
[2] Univ Pecs, Dept Pediat, Pecs, Hungary
来源
关键词
TRACE-ELEMENT STATUS; ORAL ZINC; PLASMA ZINC; DIETARY ZINC; ERYTHROCYTE METALLOTHIONEIN; BIOMARKER RESPONSES; SUPPLEMENTAL ZINC; COPPER STATUS; WOMEN; METABOLISM;
D O I
10.3945/ajcn.2009.27230G
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Background: Zinc is an essential micronutrient for human health and has numerous structural and biochemical roles. The search for a reliable, sensitive, and specific index of zinc status has been the subject of considerable research, which has resulted in the identification of a number of potentially useful biomarkers. Objective: The objective was to assess the usefulness of biomarkers of zinc status in humans. Design: The methods included a structured search strategy using Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE (Ovid), and the Cochrane Library CENTRAL databases; formal inclusion and exclusion criteria; data extraction into an Access database; quality and validity assessment; and meta-analysis. Results: Data on 32 potential biomarkers from 46 publications were analyzed. Plasma zinc concentration responded in a dose-dependent manner to dietary manipulation in adults, women, men, pregnant and lactating women, the elderly, and those at low and moderate baseline zinc status. Urinary zinc excretion responded to zinc status overall and in all subgroups for which there were sufficient data. Hair zinc concentration also responded, but there were insufficient studies for subgroup analysis. Platelet, polymorphonuclear cell, mononuclear cell, and erythrocyte zinc concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity did not appear to be effective biomarkers of zinc status. Conclusions: This systematic review confirms that in healthy individuals, plasma, urinary, and hair zinc are reliable biomarkers of zinc status. Further high-quality studies using these biomarkers are required, particularly in infants, adolescents, and immigrant population groups for whom there are limited data. Studies are also required to fully assess a range of additional potential zinc biomarkers. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89(suppl): 2040S-51S.
引用
收藏
页码:2040S / 2051S
页数:12
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