Key quality aspects of fat filled milk powders (FFMPs) produced with skim milk pre-heated at 93 degrees C x 60 s and 105 degrees C x 15 s (medium whey protein nitrogen index; WPNI), and 116 degrees C x 60 s and 136 degrees C x 15 s (high WPNI) were examined. The 136 degrees C x 15 s treatment produced a FFMP with threefold higher free fat, showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower solubility in coffee and exhibited extensive flecking on rehydration in water. Insoluble materials were observed using microscopy; flecks generated upon rehydration in water were composed of fat, whereas flecks/sediment in coffee were composed of undissolved powder particles.
机构:
Tokyo Univ Agr, Fac Appl Biosci, Food Proc Technol Ctr, Setagaya Ku, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Tokyo 1568502, JapanTokyo Univ Agr, Fac Appl Biosci, Food Proc Technol Ctr, Setagaya Ku, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Tokyo 1568502, Japan
Ono, Wataru
Oka, Daiki
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Tokyo Univ Agr, Fac Appl Biosci, Dept Agr Chem, Setagaya Ku, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Tokyo 1568502, JapanTokyo Univ Agr, Fac Appl Biosci, Food Proc Technol Ctr, Setagaya Ku, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Tokyo 1568502, Japan
Oka, Daiki
Tsujii, Yoshimasa
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Tokyo Univ Agr, Fac Appl Biosci, Dept Agr Chem, Setagaya Ku, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Tokyo 1568502, JapanTokyo Univ Agr, Fac Appl Biosci, Food Proc Technol Ctr, Setagaya Ku, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Tokyo 1568502, Japan