Dealumination kinetics of composite ZSM-5/mordenite zeolite during steam treatment: An in-situ DRIFTS study

To get a better understanding of structural deactivation of ZSM-5/MOR during the catalytic cracking of n-heptane in the steam atmosphere, a comprehensive mechanism of hydrothermal dealumination was proposed through in-situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) in this work. The mechanism can be divided into two steps: firstly, the hydrolysis of four Al-O bonds, and secondly, the self-healing of Si-OH bonds accompanied with partial condensation of the extra-framework Al species. Accordingly, the kinetics of dealumination process has also been fully discussed. In the IR spectra, the range of 3450-3850 cm(-1) could be deconvolved to distinguish the hydroxyl groups on the different position and calculate the consumption of each hydroxyl group during the reaction. Based on results from the in-situ DRIFTS, the kinetics of dealumination was hence developed and also in well agreement with the kinetics of deactivation of ZSM/MOR catalysts during the reaction in the presence of little coke deposits. (C) 2017 The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press. All rights reserved.