CMOS Geiger photodiode array with integrated signal processing for imaging of 2D objects using quantum dots

Geiger-mode photodiodes (GPD) act as binary photon detectors that convert analog light intensity into digital pulses. Fabrication of arrays of GPD in a CMOS environment simplifies the integration of signal-processing electronics to enhance the performance and provide a low-cost detector-on-a-chip platform. Such an instrument facilitates imaging applications with extremely low light and confined volumes. High sensitivity reading of small samples enables two-dimensional imaging of DNA arrays and for tracking single molecules, and observing their dynamic behavior. In this work, we describe the performance of a prototype imaging detector of GPD pixels, with integrated active quenching for use in imaging of 2D objects using fluorescent labels. We demonstrate the integration of on-chip memory and a parallel readout interface for an array of CMOS GPD pixels as progress toward an all-digital detector on a chip. We also describe advances in pixel-level signal processing and solid-state photomultiplier developments.