Electrochromic Glasses with Separate Regulation of Transmission of Visible Light and Near-Infrared Radiation (Review)

Mechanisms of plasmon and polariton attenuation of solar radiation are successively activated in crystal nanoparticles of reduced (doped with oxygen vacancies) tungsten trioxide and titanium dioxide doped with metals with a valence of 5 or 6 upon electrochemical injection of electrons followed by injection of positively charged ions. Application of mesoporous electrodes fabricated from such nanoparticles in electrochromic glass makes possible separate dynamic regulation of transmission of visible light and near-infrared radiation, which enables gradual change of the glass state from light warm to light cold and further to dark cold. Results of studies of electrochromic glasses with separate regulation of transmission of visible light and near-infrared radiation are analyzed. Information on the influence of structural characteristics of the mesoporous electrode and the type of the electrolyte on optical spectral properties, duration of transient processes, and cyclic stability of the device are summarized. It is established that electrochromic glasses with nanostructured one-component electrodes fabricated from reduced tungsten trioxide and doped titanium dioxide exhibit optimal optical, exploitation, and technological properties.