Effect of the novel functional fibre, polyglycoplex (PGX), on body weight and metabolic parameters: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials

Background & aims: Hundreds of dietary supplements are marketed as weight loss pills, but the evidence for effectiveness for most is unproven. The objective of this review was to critically appraise and evaluate the evidence from published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) examining the effectiveness of polyglycoplex (PGX), a novel functional fibre, on body weight and metabolic parameters. Methods: We conducted electronic searches in Medline, Embase, Amed, Cinahl and The Cochrane Library. Only double-blinded RCTs were considered for inclusion. The reporting quality of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane criteria. Two reviewers independently determined eligibility, assessed the quality of reporting, and extracted the data. Results: We included four Ras with a total of 217 participants. The RCTs varied in the quality of their reporting. The evidence from the RCfs suggested that PGX has no significant effects on body weight; however, significant reductions were noted for total and LDL cholesterol. Adverse events reported included diarrhea and abdominal bloating. Conclusion: The evidence from available RCTs does not indicate that PGX intake causes reductions in body weight. PGX may cause reductions in total and LDL cholesterol. Few trials examining the effects of PGX have been conducted; they are characterized by small sample sizes, deficiencies in reporting quality, and are funded by a single manufacturer. Future clinical trials evaluating its effect should be adequately powered and better reported. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.