CPTU SIMPLIFIED STRESS-BASED MODEL FOR EVALUATING SOIL LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL

This paper presents a piezocone penetration test (CPTu) method for evaluating soil liquefaction potential covering a wider range of soil types than previous approaches and using simplified stress-based procedures. In the approach, the adjusted cyclic stress ratio is calculated with a recent formula created by Idriss and Boulanger, and the cyclic resistance ratio is determined as a function of both adjusted cone tip resistance (q(uN)) and soil behavior type index (I-c). The new method is established through artificial neural network learning of documented cases. One unique feature of this method is the inclusion of excess porewater pressure ratio (B-q) in the formulation of Ic as per Jefferies and Davies. The proposed method is shown to be more applicable to a wider range of soils, including geomaterials that were previously considered "too clay-rich to liquefy." The ability of this method to delineate liquefied cases from non-liquefied cases is clearly depicted with 3-D and 2-D graphs. Case studies of selected ground failure sites in Adapazari using the proposed method yield results that agree well with field observations in the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake.