Rate Variable, Multi-Binary Turbo Codes with Controlled Error-Floor

In this letter we propose rate variable turbo codes based on the parallel concatenation of tailbiting Recursive Systematic multi-binary (m-ary) convolutional codes. Rate variability is not achieved by puncturing, which can have adverse effects on the minimum distance of the code. Using a variable number of input lines of the encoder, we obtain several different overall rates ranging from 1/2 to 7/8. The most suitable Soft-In-Soft-Out decoding algorithm for these turbo codes is based on the Dual Reciprocal Code, which is very efficient for high rate codes. A particular interleaver design, namely the "backbone" interleaver, guarantees a high Hamming weight in codewords with information weight 2 and 3, as well as good minimum distances and fairly low multiplicities for higher information weights. Therefore, these codes have very low error floors.