Lung cancer in North-West Italy: demographic and clinical trends in a hospital-based population of 1277 patients

This study intends to assess which demographic and/or clinical characteristics of lung cancer - if any - have changed during the last two decades in an Alpine area of North-West Italy. The study was carried out on 1277 consecutive lung cancer patients seen from January 1989 to October 2002 in a single institution. A set of 33 anthropometric, clinical, physical, laboratory, radiological and pathological variables was prospectively recorded for all patients. The date of diagnosis was used to divide the study population in quartiles of diagnostic age (period I: January 1989 to May 1992, 319 patients; period II: June 1992 to September 1995, 319 patients; period III: October 1995 to May 1999, 320 patients; period IV: June 1999 to October 2002, 319 patients). Patients were carefully followed up, and their subsequent clinical course recorded. The following variables showed a significant increasing trend over the years: patients' age, female sex, rate of ex-smokers, level of education, co-morbidity (both the number and the severity of previous pulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases), weight loss, liver enzymes and blood creatinine, carcinoembryonic antigen levels and the rate of adenocarcinomas. On the other hand, performance status, stage of disease, metastatic pattern, treatment modalities and survival expectancy did not change. Therefore, no diagnostic or therapeutic improvements occurring during the last 14 years had a visible impact on patients. It may be that the 'changing face' of lung cancer masked their effects. (C) 2003 Lippincott Williams Wilkins.