Short-term prognosis of patients admitted for probable acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation.: Role of new myocardial damage markers and acute-phase reactants

Objectives. The relative value of classic markers, myocardial damage variables, and levels of acute-phase reactants in establishing the pre-discharge prognosis of acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation was analyzed. Method. We prospectively studied 385 consecutive patients admitted from our chest pain unit with a high-probability diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation. The clinical and electrocardiographic data, myocardial damage markers (troponin I, CK-Mb mass, myoglobin), and acute-phase reactants (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, fibrinogen) were recorded. Results. During admission, 15 deaths (3.9%) and 16 complicative infarctions (4.2%) occurred, for a total of 31 major events (death and/or infarction: 8.1 %). Age (p = 0.03), insulin-dependent diabetes (p = 0.009), and C-reactive protein (p = 0.05) were independently related to death. Fibrinogen was related to infarction (p = 0.01); by fibrinogen quartiles: 1.4%; 1.4%; 2.9%, and 11.7% (p = 0.02). Age(p = 0.01), insulin-dependent diabetes (p = 0.02), and C-reactive protein (p = 0.04) were independent predictors of major events; by C-reactive protein quartiles: 1.4%; 5.5%; 5.4%, and 16.7% (p = 0.004). Troponin I was related to major events (p = 0.03), but it was not an independent predictor. Conclusions. Acute-phase reactants add independent information to clinical variables in the short-term risk stratification of patients with an acute coronary syndrome. The predictive power of troponins is lower than that of other variables.