Deactivation resistant Pd-ZrO2 supported on multiwall carbon nanotubes catalyst for direct formic acid fuel cells

One of the main problems of palladium based catalysts for a direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) is their low stability during a long-term operation. In these studies, the Pd-ZrO2 catalyst supported on the multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was prepared and thermo-chemically treated. These catalysts were tested in a fuel cell for formic acid electrooxidation, and their chemical composition and structure were characterised by the XPS, STEM, HR-TEM and XRD techniques. It was found that the Pd-ZrO2/MWCNTs catalyst after synthesis causes oscillations of the cell voltage during operation resulting in significantly higher deactivation resistance than that of Pd/MWCNTs. This may be attributed to the "self-cleaning" mechanism of poisoned Pd catalyst by carbon monoxide through the electrochemical oxidation of COads (adsorbed) to CO2 (gas). Copyright (C) 2015, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.