Zirconium Exchanged Phosphotungstic Acid Catalysts for Esterification of Levulinic Acid to Ethyl Levulinate

被引：28
|
作者：
Pasha, Nayeem [1 ]
Lingaiah, N. [2 ]
Shiva, Raj [1 ]
机构：
[1] Osmania Univ, Dept Chem, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
[2] CSIR Indian Inst Chem Technol, Inorgan & Phys Chem Div, Catalysis Lab, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
来源：
CATALYSIS LETTERS | 2019年 / 149卷 / 09期
关键词：
Levulinic acid; Ethanol; TPA; Zirconium; Ethyl levulinate; POLYVALENT-METAL SALTS; 12-TUNGSTOPHOSPHORIC ACID; HETEROPOLY TUNGSTATE; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; BIOMASS; BENZYLATION; CONVERSION; FUELS; ZRO2;
D O I：
10.1007/s10562-019-02862-z
中图分类号：
O64 [物理化学（理论化学）、化学物理学];
学科分类号：
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要：
Zirconium exchanged phosphotungstic acid catalysts were prepared and studied for esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol. The catalysts were characterized by powder XRD, BET surface area, Raman spectroscopy, FT-infrared spectroscopy, Temperature programmed desorption of NH3 and Pyridine adsorbed FT-IR analysis. The presence of Zr resulted in the generation of strong Lewis acidic sites. Among all the catalysts the catalyst with partially exchanged Zr (Zr(0.75)TPA) showed higher activity due to the present of stronger BrOnsted and Lewis acidic sites. The Zr(0.75)TPA catalyst exhibits amazing reusability with constant activity.Graphic AbstractZr exchanged TPA is active in the esterification of levulinic acid into ethyl levulinate. [GRAPHICS] .
引用
收藏
页码：2500 / 2507
页数：8
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