Relation of a variant in adiponectin gene (rs266729) with metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus type 2 in adult obese subjects

OBJECTIVE: Some studies in the literature indicate that ADIPOQ rs266729 polymorphism functionally regulates adiponectin promoter activity and secondarily adiponectin levels. The aim of the present investigation was to describe the association of rs266729 with diabetes mellitus (DM2), components of Metabolic syndrome (MS) and serum adiponectin levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study involved a population of 1004 adult obese subjects. Measurements of anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose. C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin concentration, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). lipid profile, adipokines levels and prevalence of MS and DM2 were recorded. The genotype of ADIPOQ gene polymorphism (rs266729) was evaluated. RESULTS: The distribution of the rs266729 polymorphism in this population was 56.7% (n=569) (CC), 33.1% (n=332) (CG) and 10.2% (n=103) (GG). Insulin and HOMA-IR levels were higher in G allele carriers than non G allele carriers. Adiponectin levels were lower in G allele carriers than non G allele carriers. In total group carriers of G allele, logistic regression analysis showed an increased risk of hyperglycaemia (OR=1.70, 95% CI=1.19-2.76, p=0.03) and prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (OR=1.81, 95 0 /0 CI=1.13-5.14, p=0.04), after adjusting by body mass index and age CONCLUSIONS: G allele of SNP (rs266729) of the ADIPOQ gene showed high values of insulin and HOMA-IR, and low values of adiponectin levels than non G allele carriers. G allele carriers showed higher rate of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia.