There are considered the main research fields of the work in Laboratory of psychology of abilities elaborated in IP RAS including studying of structure of psychometric intelligence to predict individual achievements, social-psychological influences on development of cognitive abilities (family nurture, etc.), ratio of genetic and environmental determinants of intelligence and creativity, nature of intelligence and giftedness, cognitive styles, specificity of social intelligence. Applied researches concern with elaboration of innovative "enriching model" of school teaching and development of different forms of work with gifted children.