DETERMINANTS OF COGNITIVE ABILITY IN CHILDREN AGED 4-6 YEARS OLD: ANALYSIS FROM CHILD GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT COHORT STUDY IN BOGOR, INDONESIA

Early childhood period is a critical phase of cognitive development which could be influenced by the child's health history and family background. The purpose of this analysis was to identify the determinants of IQ scores of 115 children aged 4-6 years as part of Child Growth and Development Cohort Study conducted in Bogor in 2016 and 2018. The dependent variables were child age, child's sex, birth weight, birth length, nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding, number of family members, parents' age, education and occupation. The independent variable was the cognitive ability with IQ score. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that children's age above 59 months were risk about 2,65 times to get IQ score below average (OR 2.6;95% CI 1,17-6,03) and child's mother with education level below high school level had 2.81 times more likely to get IQ score below average (OR 2.81; 95% CI 1,24-6,37). The IQ score of the children was related to the level of education of the mother and the age of the children. Access to education for women as prospective mothers needs to be continuously encouraged. In addition, good stimulation by the family and the environment needs to be intensified, so that children's development would be optimal.