CSAR Moving Target Detection with Logarithm Background Subtraction Based on Optimal Azimuth Aperture Analysis

This paper focuses on moving target detection in single-channel circular-SAR (CSAR). The logarithm background subtraction algorithm described in this paper utilizes the overlapped subaperture logarithm image sequence to detect moving targets. It first models the background image with the input image sequence, and then uses the input images to subtract the background image to cancel the clutter. Finally, the moving target can be detected in a subtracted image sequence. However the detection performance depends on the azimuth aperture width (or otherwise the number of input images in one set of image sequence). Thus, the detection performance is analyzed with two measurements: the signal-to-clutter noise ratio (SCNR) improvement and the clutter cancellation ability. Based on the analysis, the proper azimuth aperture width to achieve the best detection performance could be obtained. The algorithm is validated by the GOTCHA-GMTI dataset.