Interactions between endogenous and exogenous attention during vigilance

被引:73
|
作者
MacLean, Katherine A. [1 ]
Aichele, Stephen R. [1 ]
Bridwell, David A. [1 ]
Mangun, George P. [1 ]
Wojciulik, Ewa [1 ]
Saron, Clifford D. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Mind & Brain, Davis, CA 95618 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
SIGNAL-DETECTION-THEORY; SUSTAINED ATTENTION; SELECTIVE ATTENTION; SPATIAL ATTENTION; VISUAL-ATTENTION; SENSITIVITY DECREMENT; BRAIN POTENTIALS; NEURAL SYSTEMS; TIME; PERFORMANCE;
D O I
10.3758/APP.71.5.1042
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
The ability to remain vigilant over long periods of time is critical for many everyday tasks, but controlled studies of visual sustained attention show that performance declines over time when observers are required to respond to rare stimulus events (targets) occurring in a sequence of standard stimulus events (nontargets). When target discrimination is perceptually difficult, this vigilance decrement manifests as a decline in perceptual sensitivity. We examined whether sudden-onset stimuli could act as exogenous attentional cues to improve sensitivity during a traditional sustained attention task. Sudden-onset cues presented immediately before each stimulus attenuated the sensitivity decrement, but only when stimulus timing (the interstimulus interval [ISI]) was constant. When stimulus timing was variable, exogenous cues increased overall sensitivity but did not prevent performance decline. Finally, independent of the effects of sudden onsets, a constant ISI improved vigilance performance. Our results demonstrate that exogenous attention enhances perceptual sensitivity during vigilance performance, but that this effect is dependent on observers' being able to predict the timing of stimulus events. Such a result indicates a strong interaction between endogenous and exogenous attention during vigilance. We relate our findings to a resource model of vigilance, as well as to theories of endogenous and exogenous attention over short time periods.
引用
收藏
页码:1042 / 1058
页数:17
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