Does pyuria always suggest urinary tract infection with common microorganisms? Questions and Answers

Genitourinary system tuberculosis (GUTB) is a chronic granulomatous infection in which tuberculous bacilli affect one or more organs in the genitourinary system. In this report, an unusual presentation of miliary tuberculosis was presented as GUTB. A 15-year-old girl presented with complaints of severe abdominal pain and dysuria. Abdominal examination showed tenderness and defense. Pyuria and microscopic hematuria were observed. Acute abdominal causes could not be excluded through abdominal ultrasound. On abdominal computed tomography, a necrotic lesion was detected in the right kidney. Acid-fast bacilli were detected in the urine. Quartet antituberculosis therapy was started. After treatment, static renal scintigraphy with 99mTc-dimer captosuccinic acid and singlephoton emission CT imaging showed parenchymal injury. In any suspected patient, voiding symptoms, abdominal or flank pain, sterile pyuria, and hematuria should be kept in mind as the presenting manifestations of GUTB in the differential diagnosis.