The influence of food hydrocolloids on changes in the physical properties of ice cream

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of hydrocolloids on the changes in physical properties of a model ice cream. The model ice cream contained water, sugar, skin milk powder, corn oil, and 4 different hydrocolloid stabilizers (gelatin, pectin, hydroxyethylstarch, locust bean gum), was manufactured in a batch type freezer. The following physical characteristics of ice cream were examined: flow behavior, overrun air cell size, ice crystal size, and melt resistance. With regard to flow behavior, all of aged mixes had a lower apparent viscosity relative to the mix before aging, and ice cream mix containing locust bean gum had the highest viscosity. Air cell size was observed to range from 20 to 38 pin, and ice cream with locust bean gum showed the largest size. There was an inverse correlation between overrun and air cell size. The ice crystal sizes of all samples ranged from 25 to 35 pin. Ice cream with added pectin contained the smallest ice crystal size which was significantly difference from other stabilizers (p < 0.05), and resulted in superior melt resistance with increased melting time compared to other samples.