Modeling multi-lane traffic flow with queuing effects

On the basis of assumptions about the behavior of driver-vehicle units concerning acceleration, deceleration, overtaking, and lane-changing maneuvers, a gas-kinetic traffic model for unidirectional multi-lane freeways is constructed. Queuing effects are explicitly taken into account in an overall manner. The resulting model is a generalization of Paveri-Fontana's Boltzmann-like traffic model and allows the derivation of macroscopic traffic equations for interacting lanes, including velocity equations. The related effective macroscopic traffic model for the total freeway cross-section is also derived. It provides corrections with respect to previous traffic models, but agrees with them in special cases.