Melanocortin receptors in the regulation of food intake

There is increasing evidence that proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptides and agouti-related protein (Agrp) and their targets, melanocortin receptors, are involved in the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis. The aim of this minireview is to give an overview on synthesis, distribution and physiological effects of melanocortins (MC's) with emphasis on feeding behavior. We review some preclinical studies that have contributed to the development of the hypothesis that MC peptides are a part of the powerful system that tonically inhibits food intake and interacts with other major neurotransmitters systems controlling food intake (neuropeptide Y, corticotropin-releasing factor, agouti-related peptide).