Reliable orientation estimation for mobile motion capturing in medical rehabilitation sessions based on inertial measurement units

Fully mobile and wireless motion capturing is a mandatory requirement for undisturbed and non- reactive analysis of human movements. Inertial sensor platforms are used in applications like training session analysis in sports or rehabilitation, and allow non-restricted motion capturing. The computation of the required reliable orientation estimation based on the inertial sensor RAW data is a demanding computational task. Therefore, an analysis of the computational costs and achievable accuracy of a Kalman filter and a complementary filter algorithm is provided. Highly customized and thus low-power, wearable computation platforms require low level, platform independent communication protocols and connectivity. State-of-the-art small sized commercial inertial sensors either lack the availabilityof an open, platform independent protocol, wireless connectivity or extension interfaces for additional sensors. Therefore, anextensible, wireless inertial sensor called Institute of Microelectronic Systems Inertial Measurement Unit (IM)(2) SU, featuring on board inertial sensor fusion, for use in home based stroke rehabilitation is presented. Further more, a Quaternion based, singularity free orientation estimation accuracy error measure is proposed and applied. To evaluate orientation estimation accuracy an optical system isused as golden reference. Orientation estimation based on a Kalman filter and a complementary filter algorithm is evaluated. The proposed IMU provides high orientation estimation accuracy, is platform independent, offers wireless connection and extensibility and is low cost. (C) 2014Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.