Cell-Based Therapies for Ischemic Heart Disease -"Trick and Treat"-

Cell therapy is a promising approach to improve cardiac function in patients with ischemic heart disease. Beneficial effects of cell therapy have been shown in experimental studies and clinical trials. However, with current treatment strategies the therapeutic effect is limited. In the current article, critical aspects of cell therapy are discussed: cell type, the state of ischemic heart disease and the condition of cells at the time of treatment. Because treatment options of native cells by systemic pharmacotherapy are limited, we propose a concept of ex vivo preconditioning to overcome functional cell impairment and to enhance cell-based regenerative approaches. (Circ J 2009; 73: 2179-2182)