Impact of Clean Energy on CO2 Emissions and Economic Growth within the Phases of Renewables Diffusion in Selected European Countries

被引:31
|
作者
Pilatowska, Mariola [1 ]
Geise, Andrzej [1 ]
机构
[1] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Fac Econ, Dept Econometr & Stat, 13A Gagarina St, PL-87100 Torun, Poland
关键词
diffusion of renewable energy; decoupling; CO2; emissions; economic growth; clean energy; NUCLEAR-ENERGY; NEXUS EVIDENCE; CONSUMPTION; OECD; GDP; ELECTRICITY; SECTOR; POLICY; INCOME; POINT;
D O I
10.3390/en14040812
中图分类号
TE [石油、天然气工业]; TK [能源与动力工程];
学科分类号
0807 ; 0820 ;
摘要
This study explores the impact of clean energy and non-renewable energy consumption on CO2 emissions and economic growth within two phases (formative and expansion) of renewable energy diffusion for three selected countries (France, Spain, and Sweden). The vector autoregression (VAR) model is estimated on the basis of annual data disaggregated into quarterly data. The Granger causality results reveal distinctive differences in the causality patterns across countries and two phases of renewables diffusion. Clean energy consumption contributes to a decline of emissions more clearly in the expansion phase in France and Spain. However, this effect seems to be counteracted by the increases in emissions due to economic growth and non-renewable energy consumption. Therefore, clean energy consumption has not yet led to a decoupling of economic growth from emissions in France and Spain; in contrast, the findings for Sweden evidence such a decoupling due to the neutrality between economic growth and emissions. Generally, the findings show that despite the enormous growth of renewables and active mitigation policies, CO2 emissions have not substantially decreased in selected countries or globally. Focused and coordinated policy action, not only at the EU level but also globally, is urgently needed to overhaul existing fossil-fuel economies into low-carbon economies and ultimately meet the relevant climate targets.
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页数:24
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