Monte Carlo study to measure the neutron flux using the prompt gamma-rays in hydrogen

A Monte Carlo study was realized to use a gamma-ray spectrometer with a 3" theta x 3" NaI(Tl) detector, with a moderator sphere, to measure the neutron fluence rate. Materials with a large amount of hydrogen are able to slowdown and thermalize neutrons; once thermalized there is a probability of neutron capture in moderator nuclei. When the neutron is captured by hydrogen a 2.22 MeV prompt gamma-ray is emitted. The photons pulse-height spectrum shows a photopeak around 2.22 MeV whose net area is proportional to total neutron fluence rate. The characteristics of this system were determined by a Monte Carlo study using the MCNP 4C code; a model of the NaI(Tl) was utilized, the study includes water and polyethylene as moderators with 3, 5, and 10 inches-diameter spheres that were bombarded with neutrons emitted by a polyenergetic (PuBe)-Pu-239. With the best sphere the study was extended to determine the response to monoenergetic neutron sources. Calculations were carried out to obtain realistic gamma-rays pulse height spectra, where the 2.22 MeV is observed. In polyethylene spheres the 4.43 MeV photon is also shown due to C-12(n, n' gamma) C-12 reaction.