Impact of Using Alternative Fuels on Cement Rotary Kilns: Experimental Study and Modeling

A mathematical model was developed to predict heat transfer from the freeboard gas to the bed of a rotary kiln and to evaluate the fact of using olive pomace as an alternative fuel in cement manufacturing. Separate models were developed, viz: model for simulating reactions and heat transfer in the bed region, a model for simulating combustion and heat transfer in the freeboard region. The simulated results were compared with the available data from industrial kiln. The developed model and the presented results will be useful for predicting the influence of olive pomace on performance of rotary cement kilns. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.