Peri-implant tissue stability in premolar and molar sites: a retrospective clinical and radiographic analysis

Objectives: The retrospective study was undertaken to assess the peri-implant tissue stability in premolar and molar sites clinically and radiographically for implants 7 years after loading. Method and materials: 408 implants placed in 275 patients from 2012 to 2020 and following a regular recall protocol were assessed for Modified Plaque Index (MPI), Sulcus Bleeding Index (581), pocket probing depth (PPD), and the peri-implant soft tissue dehiscence (PSTD) clinically and mesial bone loss (MBL) and distal bone loss (DBL) radiographically. Results: Significant differences were found in MPI, SBI, and PPD amongst both men and women in the premolar and molar regions. The mean MBL and DBL were substantially greater in women than in men and marginally more in the maxilla than in the mandible. Maximum mean bone loss on either aspect of the premolar and molar implants was 2.80 +/- 1.54 mm and 2.97 +/- 0.96 mm for women. Implant success of 96.82% at 7 years was achieved and the patient satisfaction levels of 94.55% and 95.50%in the mandibular and maxillary arches, respectively, implied that patients were satisfied with the treatment. Conclusion: Women exhibited greater marginal bone loss on the mesial and distal aspects than men, with premolar implant sites demonstrating greater propensity for marginal bone loss than molar implant sites.