The Negative Behaviors in Healthcare Survey: Instrument Development and Validation

Background and Purpose: Examine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Negative Behaviors in Healthcare (NBHC) Survey. Methods: A principal axis factor analysis with varimax rotation was conducted utilizing the 2012 NBHC survey data (n = 1,918) to explore the underlying structure of the NBHC instrument. A confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS 23 (Arbuckle, 2014) was then conducted using the 2014 NBHC survey data (n = 1,479). Results: Internal consistency reliability was supported for four of the five identified factors, while construct validity for a five factor solution was established with acceptable model fit indices (Goodness of Fit Index [GFI] = 0.98; Relative Fit Index [RFI] = 0.98, Normed Fit Index [NFI] = 0.98, Root Mean Square Residual [RMR] = 0.05). Conclusions: The NBHC instrument is a valid reliable instrument to assess negative behaviors among interprofessional healthcare team members, adding to a select few available instruments measuring negative behavior among interprofessional healthcare workers.